June 2020

TWIN PEAKS: THE RETURN (2017, TV)

     It took me awhile, but I finally watched the third season, shown on Showtime and now on Netflix (but not for streaming), of David Lynch’s Earth-bound sci-fi series about the murder of a small-town high school girl.

     While the mystery of Laura Palmer’s death was “solved” by FBI Agent Dale Cooper (Kyle MacLachlan), the door remained open concerning the strange goings-on in the area around Twin Peaks, Washington, after the series’ second season on ABC ended in 1991. Lynch’s 1992 feature, “Fire Walk With Me,” offered some answers to this bizarre world from Lynch and co-creator Mark Frost, but was mostly head-scratching.

     Even though season one of “Twin Peaks” may be the most imaginative, audacious and creepy drama ever aired on network television, I wasn’t exactly pining for Lynch to return to the story. But he clearly sees the story’s frame as the perfect vehicle for his flights of fancy into a world just beyond what’s known.

      The 18 episodes of season three spend plenty of time (maybe too much) among the oddball characters of Twin Peaks: the crew at the Double R Diner, Hawk (Michael Horse) and Sheriff Truman (now the brother of the original, with Robert Forster filling in for Michael Ontkean), the Great Northern Hotel and the oddball Horne brothers, the log lady and the Roadhouse, a small town hipster hangout, where Lynch returns to end each episode. But the focus of the mystery is on Cooper, who has split in two.

     The dark side of Cooper is a ruthless killer looking for a way into the Black Lodge, abetted by two comical assassins played by Tim Roth and Jennifer Jason Leigh. While much of actions of this Cooper, who can’t be killed by ordinary measures, are unexplainable, the “other” Cooper is just as baffling.

     That Cooper, known as Dougie Jones, is a Las Vegas insurance agent with a gambling problem who magically wins tens of thousands at a casino and then becomes pals with the erratic Mitchum brothers (Jim Belushi and Robert Knepper), who own the joint. His wife (Naomi Watts) seems to barely notice his behavior—he’s like a newborn, unable to talk or do the simplest of tasks—and takes this new Dougie in stride.

     Tracking all this strangeness is FBI Deputy Director Gordon Cole (Lynch himself) and his team: Albert (Miguel Ferrer), Cooper’s ex-partner Diane (Laura Dern), and newcomer Tammy (Chrysta Bell).

     For the first four or five hours, I wasn’t sure this was going anywhere, but I put my trust in the twisted brilliance of Lynch and was eventually rewarded with a thrilling finale that brings Cooper back to Twin Peaks.

    There must be 100 characters in this series that are given a scene or two to leave their mark on Lynch’s dark, mysterious world, including Don Murray (who deserved an Emmy as insurance chief Bushnell Mullins), Harry Dean Stanton, Ashley Judd, Russ Tamblyn, Tom Sizemore, Amanda Seyfried and Candy Clark.

       Though acting in a Lynch film or series is a different art than what’s called for by every other creator, by any measure MacLachlan is astonishing as the two Coopers, making them almost unrecognizable as the same man. Watts, Dern and Forster, as you’d expect, are all memorable, but it’s Lynch himself as the deaf, corny Gordon, who serves as the anchor to most of the story while giving the audience just enough bread crumbs to keep us on the right path.

      Almost as integral as the plot to making this series so memorable is Peter Deming’s (“Mulholland Drive”) cinematography, especially the black and white interiors and nighttime desert landscapes, along with the visual effects, which are as disturbing as one would expect from a Lynch work.

     Like most of Lynch’s films, there are plenty of loose ends that never get tied up, but that’s of little concern. It’s an “Alice in Wonderland”-like journey, with the absurd diversions—both hypnotically fascinating and repulsively frightening—along the way that that grow curiouser and curiouser.

     Not surprisingly, a bizarre turn takes place to conclude the series, questioning the relativity of time and space, and taking the plot down another rabbit hole. Lynch hasn’t finished with these characters.

     He’s hooked me again: I’m looking forward to another visit to Cooper’s dream room, with the checkerboard floor and thick red drapes and the little man who speaks backwards and the unimaginable strangeness that will follow.

DA 5 BLOODS (2020)

    Once upon a time, Spike Lee was one of the best filmmakers in American cinema, creating “Do the Right Thing,” “Mo Better Blues,” “Jungle Fever,” “Malcolm X” and “Crooklyn” in a six-year period. Almost singlehandedly, he made movies about African Americans a part of Hollywood mainstream.

    Now, he’s turned crusader who prefers to offer cinematic history classes, turning his dramas into agenda-driven fictions that hammer home worksheet bullet points, using characters and stories as merely jumping off points. 

   In “Da 5 Bloods,” streaming on Netflix, Lee jams so many stories and lessons into the picture that it almost plays like a complication of clips from other films.

    It begins with great promise as four Vietnam War vets reunite to unearth and bring home the remains of the leader of their Army unit, Norman, an outspoken advocate for social justice.

       Meeting up in Ho Chi Minh City, Paul (Delroy Lindo), Otis (Clark Peters), Eddie (Norm Lewis) and Melvin (Isiah Whitlock Jr.)—purposely, I’m sure, the names of the original members of the Temptations—hit the clubs (including the ironically named “Apocalypse Now”) and hire a local guide, playing tourists before venturing out into the jungle. The group becomes a quartet when Paul’s son David (Jonathan Majors)—another Temptation name—arrives unexpectedly, worried about his father.

      The film also reveals, in flashback, the other reason they have returned to Vietnam; after a brutal encounter with the North Vietnamese, they discovered a large cache of gold bars and buried it for future recovery.

      At first, I was convinced that the 1968 scenes were a stylized fantasy because the actors actually portray their younger selves. Only Norman, who didn’t make it out alive, is played by a young actor (Chatwick Boseman) in the war flashbacks; watching these retirees pretend to be 20something took me right out of the story.

      The film is on surer footing when it returns to present day, but the journey soon turns contentious as Lindo’s Paul grows more and more belligerent (he’s a proud Trump supporter, which Lee uses to designate him as the angry outsider), turning the initial bonding of old friends into a nonstop bitch session. Taking a page from the classic film “The Treasure of the Sierra Madre,” Lee and his co-writers examine how greed changes relationships. 

      It seems that the only reason David is brought in, disrupting the symmetry of four returning vets, was so Lee could have the old guys offer nuggets of black history to educate the youngster, which the director punctuates by inserting still photos of whatever legend they are speaking of.  At times, I felt like I was watching a Power Point rather than a feature film.

    The second half of the film becomes an action picture, with the vets turning into “Rambos” to fight Vietnamese thugs who also want the gold. There is also a clumsily inserted plotline about a team of volunteers working to remove old landmines.

     There are plenty of compelling scenes and discussions in this overlong, scattershot work, but it fails on the most basic levels: telling a coherent story and providing characters with believable emotional reactions. Strangely, when death inevitably revisits this band of brothers it is treated as collateral damage rather than friends losing friends.

     The film’s disregard for age really bothered me; it seems to be a symptom of Lee’s lack of care for the fictional integrity of the script. And not just in using the old guys in the flashback scenes.

     In a scene near the start of the film, Eddie reconnects with the Vietnamese woman he had an affair with when he was a solider a half-century earlier. When he meets the child they had together, she’s not even close to 50, but a woman in her late 30s.

     To appreciate recent Lee films—including his acclaimed 2018 film “BlacKkKlansman”—you can’t get hung up on his mixing of fiction and documentary-like material or his disinterest in story details. I can’t fault Lee for what he sees as his mission to educate moviegoers on the systemic racism of America, but I think he’d be more successful doing it with traditional storytelling. No one goes to the movies to be lectured to.

THE STRATTON STORY (1949)

    I’ll argue until there’s no vodka left in the house that James Stewart is the greatest film actor of them all, but why did anyone think he should play the young baseball phenom Monty Stratton?

    Stewart looks younger than his 39 years but not young enough to play a 22-year-old. That’s how old Stratton was when he left his Texas farm and earned a spot on the roster of the Chicago White Sox in 1934. And it’s not like this was some little-known player from long ago: in 1949 almost everyone knew the story of Stratton. 

    Almost as crazy, his sharp-tongued mother is played by Agnes Moorehead, who was born just three years before Stewart.

    Stratton was just hitting his stride as a pitcher—he had won 15 games back to back years—when he lost his leg after accidentally shooting himself during the 1938 off-season.

    With the unceasing support of his wife (played in the film by June Allyson), Stratton returned to professional baseball and had success at the low minor leagues. Though he never returned to the big leagues, it remains an inspirational story.

     For an A-level picture, Sam Wood (“A Night at the Opera,” “The Pride of the Yankees”) offers lackluster direction, especially when the film shifts to the baseball diamond. Not for a second does Stewart look like a pitcher who could get anyone out.

   The film features a few major leaguers, including Yankee Hall of Fame catcher Bill Dickey, but that’s where the authenticity ends.

    Stewart does his best, but he can’t help but look more like one of the coaches than a kid off the farm trying to prove himself.

THE LARRY SANDERS SHOW (1992-1998, TV)

     For the past month, I’ve been re-watching “The Larry Sanders Show,” to me one of the Top 10 sitcoms in television history. Just as fresh 22 years after it went off the air, the talk show sendup remains the funniest and most insightful look at the production of a TV show and the privilege of celebrity. (with a tip of the hat to Carl Reiner’s “The Dick Van Dyke Show,” which could only go so far in the 1960s)

     Sadly, two of the stars have died within the last few years. Garry Shandling, who died of a heart attack in 2016 at age 66, was one of the most important comic figures of the last 40 years. After a standup career that culminated with guest host spots on “The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson,” he created “It’s Garry Shandling’s Show” in 1986, a Showtime sitcom that mixed reality with fiction that included Shandling talking directly to the audience.

     Then, in 1991, having been passed over for the best late-night host jobs, he started “Larry Sanders” on HBO, playing a host interviewing real stars playing themselves, but showing the chaos behind the curtain. He brought a nervous, ego-centric manner to his characters that, though never transferring successfully to film, worked brilliantly on TV.

     Rip Torn, who played the show’s producer, was 88 when he died last July after a long career in both film and television.

      As entertaining as Shandling’s Larry; Jeffrey Tambor’s Hank “Hey Now” Kingsley, the clueless, sycophant sidekick; and all the highly original characters and priceless guest stars are, it’s Torn’s Arthur that keeps me coming back to the show. 

       Some great actors don’t have great careers—in Torn’s case because he was a pain in the ass and a drinker who gave headaches to more than a few directors and producers. But he was unquestionable one of the great talents of his generation and his portrayal of Arthur stands as one of the finest supporting performance in the history of television.

    As the producer of the fictional late night TV show, he changes his opinions on a dime to agree with temperamental star Sanders, regularly puts cloying Hank in his place and keeps the guests content before the show starts taping. Arthur stands in for all the behind-the-scenes pros who were there at the beginning of TV and continued to contribute into the 1980s and ‘90s.

     While the show lifts the curtain on the making of a talk show (Sanders is in competition with David Letterman, Jay Leno and Arsenio Hall at a time when the cut-throat world of late-night talk was at its height) offering juicy, embarrassing, highly offensive portrayals of both host and his staff, it also provides a heartfelt look at the first generation of TV creators, like Arthur, who ran things by the seat of their pants.

      No one delivers off-handed rejoinders like Arthur as he fends off temperamental guest stars, unhappy staffers (usually Hank) and network executives (“I killed a guy in Korea that looks just like her”). Arthur somehow manages to maintain his integrity while unceasingly kissing up to Larry; he loves him like a son and knows when to kick his butt.

     When Larry goes back to his first wife, Arthur is incensed: “Are you insane? That woman smashed your People’s Choice Award. So you cheated on her. Why take it out on the People’s Choice Award?”

     Torn, who was 61 when he took the “Larry Sanders” role, had been giving memorable performances since the mid-1950s, starting on stage and live television, winning a Tony Award for his supporting role in the Broadway production of Tennessee Williams’ “Sweet Bird of Youth.” He repeated the role for the 1962 film while continuing to work mostly in TV.

     Among his best work in film are roles as the sniveling crime boss in “The Cincinnati Kid” (1965), notorious writer Henry Miller in the censorship-provoking “Tropic of Cancer” (1970), the cruel, egotistical country and western singer in “Payday” (1973), a humble turn-of-the-century rancher in “Heartland” (1979) and, earning an Oscar nomination, as a neighbor of “The Yearling” writer Marjorie Rawlings  in “Cross Creek” (1983).

     On television, in addition to dozens of series guest appearances, he starred as Richard Nixon in the acclaimed 1979 miniseries “Blind Ambition.”

     After “Larry Sanders,” which earned Torn six straight Emmy nominations, winning once, he scored the high-profile role as Will Smith’s and Tommy Lee Jones’ boss in the first two “Men in Black” films. This century, he was the veteran dodgeball trainer in “Dodgeball” (2004), Louis XV in Sofia Coppola’s “Marie Antoinette” (2006), part of an old-guys road trip in “Three Days to Vegas” (2007) and also had a reoccurring role on “30 Rock,” earning another Emmy nod.

     In his best late-career role, he played a legendary record producer with a discontented, much younger Russian wife, and an adult son he can’t connect with in “Forty Shades of Blue” (2005).

     One of the most infamous incidents of his career concerned a role he didn’t get. While the details are disputed—and were the subject of a lawsuit—Torn lost a chance to play George Hanson in “Easy Rider,” which his replacement, Jack Nicholson, build his career on, after heated words (and maybe a knife and certainly fisticuffs) were exchanged with director Dennis Hopper. 

    Hollywood stories about Torn abound, most involving alcohol, though probably only half of them are true. Though he was charged with breaking into a bank later in his life.

     There is plenty of that “one-time wild man” in his Artie on “Larry Sanders.” The character would have little chance to survive the current PC world of entertainment, but just because we don’t approve of everything about a character shouldn’t mean they disappear from fiction. Torn, and the superb “Larry Sanders” writing team, gave us one for the ages. 

MURDER BY CONTRACT (1958)

and THE UNDERWORLD STORY (1950)

      At least once a month, TCM’s Noir Alley introduces me to a low-budget crime picture I had never seen; often, never heard of. These two recently aired films surprised me with their high-quality performances and original storylines.

       I never would have imagined that a film starring Vince Edwards, the bland TV actor best known for his 1960s series “Ben Casey,” could be as intense and brutal as “Murder by Contract.” Edwards’ character, Claude, is a strange loner who, unexplainably, presents himself to a local crime boss in hopes of becoming a hit man.

     The mobster makes him wait for a month before he offers a contract and it’s during that stretch that it’s clear why Martin Scorsese has cited the film as an influence. Claude nervously paces around his small room, exercising and waiting for the call. There is more than a little bit of Travis Bickle in Claude.

     After he pulls off a couple of hits, creatively impersonating a doctor and a barber, the boss sends him to Los Angeles to knock off a witness in a mob trial.

In L.A., the script, by Ben Simcoe, takes an odd turn, when an awe-struck Claude demands that his handlers (comically played by Herschel Bernardi and Phillip Pine) take him to see Southern California sites. Then, when he finally gets around to focusing on the job, he freaks out when he learns the witness is a woman (Caprice Toriel, impressive in her only screen role).

    The last act drags a bit as Claude stalks his well-protected prey, but that just adds to the film’s quirkiness. Edwards is very effective, showing a steely demeanor and determined independence that makes the character much more interesting than your usual noir anti-hero.

   Irving Lerner, who later directed many of the “Ben Casey” episodes, isn’t much of a stylist—the film looks more like a TV show of the era than a feature—but he doesn’t shy away from the psychotic nature of Claude nor does he offer moral judgments.

    “The Underworld Story,” which more accurately should have been re-titled “Journalist on the Loose,” is all about morals. Dan Duryea plays Mike Reese, an ethically challenged newspaper reporter who is fired from his big-city job in the opening scene. As pushy and arrogant as any lead character in a film—even a low budget noir—Reese cajoles his way into the editorship of a struggling small- town paper run by a young woman (Gale Storm). In addition to his rudeness, he’s a classic mid-century sexual harasser.

    Not unlike Billy Wilder’s examination of journalistic avarice, “Ace in the Hole” (1952), this film explores the way different newspapers twist the news to sell papers. In this film, another newspaper publisher’s daughter-in-law is murdered, and her African American maid is accused. (Needless to say, this film takes a very dim view at American journalism.)

     In addition to Duryea, the acting highlights of the film are provided by Howard da Silva playing the high-spirited, sadistic mobster Carl Durham. The veteran character actor’s career (“The Lost Weekend,” “They Live by Night”) was derailed when he was blacklisted in 1951 and didn’t work for the next eight years. The same fate damaged director Cy Endfield’s career, who was forced to move to England soon after this picture to keep working, eventually making the classic British war film “Zulu” (1964).

   One of the oddest aspects of “The Underworld Story” is the casting of Mary Anderson, a white actress, in the role of the black maid. Reportedly, it was done to avoid being banned in Southern states, but African Americans had been playing small roles in films since the silent era. She doesn’t wear blackface, but she’s shot in shadows to make her look like a light-skinned black woman.

     In most other ways, the film is progressive in that the newspaper publisher and Reese, to a lesser degree, refuse to accept the official version of the murder at a time when blacks rarely received justice. But the offensive casting undercuts the film’s message.

     For those who live in Southern California, it’s worth noting that the film contains one of the few movie appearances of the Los Angeles Times’ Globe Lobby, standing in for a fictional “big city” newspaper. Though shot 70 years ago, the lobby and the entrance onto First Street, which Duryea walks through, remain unchanged even as the paper has relocated.    

GIRL CRAZY (1943)

     The final eight minutes of this by-the-number, childishly idiotic musical will make you forget that you just sat through more than 90 minutes of Mickey Rooney playing a pompous society kid brought down to earth at a small college way out west.

     George Gershwin’s crowd-pleaser “I Got Rhythm” is given the full MGM treatment, a set-piece that may be choreographer-director Busby Berkeley’s finest work. (He only directed this sequence; he was replaced by Norman Taurog.)

      With the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra, brought in for the college’s Wild West Rodeo, backing up Judy Garland, along with close to 50 dancers in cowboy attire, the scene has almost all of the Berkeley trademarks—moving camera, severe closeups, fast pull-a-ways, perfectly aligned dancers—except an overhead shot.

    Garland’s voice is at its peak, as is her command of the stage, especially when she and Rooney lead the entire troupe in a tap dance segment worthy of Astaire and Rogers. The only musical finale that can match this is another Gershwin masterpiece, the “An American in Paris” ballet sequence.

    The only other scene worthy watching happens just a few minutes before “I Got Rhythm,” when Garland sings the heartbreaking ballad, “But Not for Me.”

    If there is ever a category for best ending of a bad film, this is the winner.

May 2020

CASBAH (1948)

     For me, one of the positives of the stay-at-home order has been spending time inside the Cave of Forgotten Films. This amazing website offers (correction: offered) more than a thousand free films, many from the 1930s and ‘40s that are unavailable elsewhere.

      But on Friday, it was all gone. The owner of the site posted a note saying that rarefilmm.com was shutdown because of copyright complaints but that he hoped to revive it soon. I’m not surprised, but it does bother me that copyright holders keep films (or other works of art) out of the public’s reach because they can’t make any money on them. If you can monetize them, do so, but don’t keep them locked up forever.

    But it was nice while it lasted. While the quality of the prints vary wildly (some are clearly old VCR recordings digitized) and hundreds of the offerings are B-level programmers with no actors you’ve ever heard of, I’ve already seen about a dozen gems in the Cave, many featuring Oscar-nominated performances and directed by major filmmakers.

   The site also offered hundreds of foreign films, most from the 1980s and ‘90s, including many Oscar and Golden Globe nominees.

    My favorite find—going through the titles was sometimes as entertaining as viewing the films—thus far is “Casbah,” a semi-musical remake of “Algiers” (1938), the popular, but rather dull, Charles Boyer-Hedy Lamarr romance set in the Muslim quarter of Algiers.

    In this newer version, big band singer Tony Martin plays the infamous playboy-thief Pepe le Moko and newcomer to Hollywood Marta Toren (the Swedish actress was promoted as the next Ingrid Bergman) as the tourist who falls for the charming Pepe.

    What really makes this film interesting is the exceptional camera work by Irving Glassberg (“Bend in the River,” “The Tarnished Angels”)—the camera slinks through the alleys and stairways of the studio-created Casbah labyrinth—and the amusing supporting cast, led by Peter Lorre as Slimane, the sarcastic cop who is friends with but will eventually arrest Pepe, Yvonne de Carlo as the local woman who loves Pepe and Thomas Gomez as the police chief.  The songs are by Harold Arlen and Walter Scharf.     

     Director John Berry, an up-and-coming filmmaker, who made two interesting film noirs, “Tension” and “He Ran All the Way,” after “Casbah,” was a victim of fellow director Edward Dmytryk, who named Berry as a communist in testimony that allowed Dmytryk to resume his career after a jail term. Blacklisted, Berry was forced to move to Europe and didn’t make another high-profile film until 1974 with “Claudine.”

    Among other gems I’ve seen in the Cave:

    * “A Doll’s House,” a 1959 television production of Ibsen’s masterpiece with the brilliant Julie Harris as Nora, supported by Christopher Plummer and Jason Robards;

    * “Escape” (1948), a philosophical, Joseph L Mankiewicz-directed movie with Rex Harrison as a middle-class Brit who ends up in prison and Peggy Cummins as the society girl who falls for him;

    * “The Yellow Ticket” (1931), an unusually unfettered look at repressive pre-Communist Russia government and Jewish persecution that is one of Laurence Olivier’s early films;

    * “Chinatown Nights” (1929), an early talkie (that was first shot as a silent) from director William Wellman about gang warfare in Los Angeles’ Chinatown starring Wallace Beery as the white mob boss. Though filled with typical racism of the era, it’s a fascinating look at a rarely chronicled minority.

    I also was able to check off two Oscar nominated performances that I’d never seen: Monty Woolley as a stuffy Brit who leads a group of young children across Nazi-occupied France in “The Pied Piper” (1942) and Vienna-born Elizabeth Bergner, as a  free-spirited woman who can’t decide between two musical brothers in “Escape Me Never” (1935).

   Believe me, this was just the tip of the iceberg. My fingers are crossed that it comes back. Meanwhile, if you’ve looking for more recent films to stream for free, and live in Los Angeles County, check out the collection of films the county library offers, especially its rich selection of documentaries.    

PAIN AND GLORY (2019)

     At his best—“Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown,” “All About My Mother,” “Talk to Her”—Pedro Almodóvar has been able to explain the often mysterious complications of human emotions and the fragile nature of love as well as any filmmaker of his generation.

     His latest, which earned long-time collaborator Antonio Banderas a well-deserved best actor Oscar nomination, ranks with his most accomplished movies as the Spanish director explores the tentative connection between real life (as experienced by a writer-director) and the world that appears on the screen and where  these two “realities” intersect.

     A pensive Banderas plays a well-known writer-director, Salvador Mallo, who hasn’t made a film in years as he drifts through life in an existential fog. Pushed to appear at an anniversary screening of his most popular film, Salvador reconnects with the lead actor of the film, who, years ago, the director had publicly assailed for his performance in the film.

     Alberto (Asier Etxeandia) forgives him and hooks him up with his heroin supplier, making matters worse for Salvador. The actor also convinces his old friend to let him adapt a memoir Salvador has begun into a one-man play. The ramifications of the play end up changing Salvador’s life.

     The contemporary story is enriched by Salvador’s flashbacks to his childhood, centered on his close relationship with his loving mother (Penelope Cruz, another Almodóvar regular) and a friendship that awakens his sexuality.

     In an American film, Salvador’s heroin addiction—not to mention Alberto’s---and overcoming it would have been the focus of the film, rather just another symptom of deeper problems that have blocked his creativity, which is at the heart of his life.

    After Banderas made a name for himself in Almodóvar films “Labyrinth of Passion”  (1982) and “Matador” (1986), he had a brief stint as a major Hollywood star (“The Mask of Zorro,” “Original Sin”), but has done little of interest in the past 20 years. Who knows if this will lead to better roles, but it is easily the best performance of his career. His Salvador lacks any sense of celebrity or accomplishment; he looks and acts like a man beaten by life searching for a way to survive.

    Like most of Almodóvar’s characters, his salvation lies in rediscovering love.

SAINT JACK (1979)

     While Peter Bogdanovich’s career generally took a nose-dive after his pair of sentimental, black and white period pieces, “The Last Picture Show” (1971) and “Paper Moon” (1973), this character study of the ultimate cool hustler, Jack Flowers, is one of my favorite films of the era.

     The director, with Howard Sackler, succinctly adopts Paul Theroux episodical novel about Flowers (Ben Gazzara), an ex-Marine now doing a little of this and a little of that in a corrupt Singapore. Jack’s expertise is providing visiting Westerners with a good time, which leads to him running a high-end house of prostitution on the outskirts of town.

    His legit job (well, sort of) is working for a grouchy importer and it’s through him that he meets William Leigh, the head office’s accountant who makes yearly trips to check on the Singapore office’s books. Superb British character actor Denholm Elliott plays William with an earnest reserve that makes him the perfect foil for Jack.

     In one of their first conversations, as they ride into town from the airport, William asks Jack about playing squash.

    “You’re not a squash player yourself, by any chance, are you?”

    Flowers answers: “No, Bill. I drink. Do you drink?”

   “Well, I take the odd drop.”

      There is also a collection of British ex-pats who are always hanging around, drinking or scouting for women as Jack carries on his business. Bogdanovich plays a mysterious American intelligence agent---what everyone does in this film is as murky as trying to do business in the East—who eventually helps Jack set up a “resort” for American GIs on leave from the Vietnam War.

    But what the film is all about is Jack and the way he’s able to adjust and deflect while thriving in the underbelly of this shadowy city, not yet the modern capital it has become. (The director originally offered this script to his pal Orson Welles, who wanted Dean Martin as Jack. Luckily, and typically, Welles dawdled and Bogdanovich made the picture himself.)

     Gazzara, a limited but extraordinary actor, gives one of his finest performances as Jack, showing that this tough guy can also be thoughtful, humane and maintain his version of a moral compass.

     The actor first came to prominence as a twisted military cadet in “The Strange One” (1957) and then as the accused in “Anatomy of a Murder” (1959), but he worked mostly in television during the 1960s and 70s, highlighted by his brilliant performance as a novelist in the acclaimed 1974 miniseries “QB VII.”

     He was a favorite of director John Cassavetes, starring in “Husbands” (1970), “Opening Night” (1977) and “The Killing of a Chinese Bookie” (1976), a role not far from his Jack Flowers.

    Gazzara had a late career spurt in the 1990s when he gave small, but memorable performances in David Mamet’s “The Spanish Prisoner” (1997), the Coen brothers’ “The “Big Lebowski” (1998), Vincent Gallo’s “Buffalo 66” (1998) and Spike Lee’s “Summer of Sam” (1999). Just a few years before his death, he was the star of an indie picture, “Looking for Palladin” (2008), in which he plays an Oscar-winning actor now a recluse in Guatemala.

    Though he was never a star, Gazzara made any film or TV show better because of his presence. (I never understood why Coppola didn’t find a spot for him in one of “The Godfathers”—he would have been perfect as Barzini or Tessio.)

WESTERN STARS (2019) and BLINDED BY THE LIGHT (2019)

   After decades of having little to do with the film industry, Bruce Springsteen jumped in with both feet in 2019 with a feature film that revolves around his music, a concert-confessional documentary and the movie version of his Broadway show. For me, there’s no such thing as too much Bruce, but he might have considered spacing out these projects.

     This sudden interest in preserving his legacy probably has a lot to do with the singer-songwriter turning 70 last September. “Western Stars,” the album and the film, is definitely the work of a man reflecting on his life, both the mistakes and the successes. As is the Broadway show, based on his 2018 memoir, “Born to Run,” what Springsteen presents to viewers and readers is more like a visit to the therapist than tales from the rock ‘n’ roll road.

    I wasn’t a fan of “Springsteen on Broadway”—though seeing it live would have been a different matter—as his monologues on his life and introductions to songs come off as too practiced. Springsteen may be a great writer and singer, but he’s not an actor. It takes acting skills to make even your own words sound original and heartfelt when you are delivering them to an audience night after night.

    “Western Stars” can be just as preachy and crushingly sentimental in the glossy, pristinely shot segments between the songs—Springsteen comes off as a Sam Shepard wannabe as he roams around his horse farm in New Jersey and drives across the California desert—but the performance footage saves the day.

     Shot in his enormous, ancient barn with a nearly full orchestra, the 10-song set overflows with sincerity and craftsmanship. The music is a throwback to the overproduced pop-country sound of the late 1960s and early 70s that mostly appealed to adults tired of rock ‘n’ roll—you can hear Jimmy Webb in almost every song. This isn’t Springsteen the rocker; he and wife Patti Scialfa strum matching red Gibson acoustics that would be right at home at the Grand Old Opera.

     I can’t say it’s one of my favorite Springsteen albums, but he’s earned the right to do whatever he pleases musically and it continues his 35-year run of brilliant songwriting unmatched in quantity and quality by anyone this side of Bob Dylan.

     Much less high-minded is the way Springsteen’s music is utilized in the frivolous coming-of-age film “Blinded by the Light.”

     Viveik Kalra plays Javed Khan, a college-age Pakistani-Brit, struggling to emerge from his father’s oppressive shadow and the cultural pressure to play the quiet immigrant. Introduced to the Boss by Roops (Aaron Phagura), a Sikh friend at college, Javed quickly immerses himself in the music, catching up on about 15 years of Springsteen (the film is set in the late 1980s), and it becomes the center of his life. The movie can be summarized by Springsteen’s lyric from “No Surrender”: “We learned more from a three-minute record, baby/than we ever learned in school.”

     The script quickly descends into stereotypes and clichés as a teacher encourages Javed writing, his father loses his job and his best friend feels left out for not loving Springsteen.

     The father serves as the perfect straw man, offering a brick wall to everything the son wants if life, while turning a blind eye to harassment by the local whites. (The film is set during Margaret Thatcher’s rightwing reign.)

     Anyone who has seen a dozen movie in their life knows immediate that Javed will overcome the standard-issue obstacles, win over his family and achieve his dreams, all while Springsteen lyrics play the background.

    The film isn’t a musical, but it does include a few dance numbers that are clumsily choreographed and do nothing to advance the story. It was somewhat embarrassing to watch an amateurish staged dance to my favorite song, “Thunder Road.”

     All that aside, the film utilizes very few of the eight albums of songs Springsteen had recorded by that point; “The Promised Land” plays in about four scenes. For all its flaws, a film like “Across the Universe” made much better use of the Beatles’ catalog.

     “E Street Channel,” the SiriusXM radio station that plays Springsteen 24/7, promoted the film nonstop for weeks. Apparently, Springsteen enjoyed Sarfraz Manzoor’s memoir on which the film is based and, for the first time, gave a filmmaker the rights to his music (for a nice chunk of change, I’m sure). Despite the sincerity of the writer, the film fails to match the emotional and insightful storytelling that can be found in most of Springsteen’s work.

     The obvious climax of “Blinded by the Light” should have been Javed attending a Springsteen concert—listening to the music is one thing; seeing the E Street Band live is a life-altering experience (trust me)—but it doesn’t happen. There are many missed opportunities in “Blinded by the Light,” directed and co-written by “Bend It Like Beckhan” director Gurinder Chadha.

      Maybe in ten years or so, Springsteen will agree to a biopic and his rich collection of music will receive the big-screen presentation it deserves.    

ALL NIGHT LONG (1962)

     One of the oddest pictures I’ve seen in awhile is this interracial British melodrama centered on London’s happening jazz scene.

    The film opens with Rod (Richard Attenborough) being driven from his luxurious home to a warehouse district across town. One almost expects some industrial hideaway for a gang of thieves. Instead he walks up stairs and opens the door to an elaborate, multi-floored swinging 60s pad with a large stage area, where Charles Mingus stands plucking on his bass and smoking on a pipe. Rod greets him as if it’s normal to have one the greatest musicians of the 20^th Century standing in his living room.

     Later, a dozen musicians, including pianist-composer Dave Brubeck and British saxophonist John Dankworth (he later did the music for the TV show “The Avengers”), arrive to perform at an anniversary party for band leader Aurelius Rex (Paul Harris) and his wife Delia (Marti Stevens), a retired jazz singer. (His name is the overwrought script’s way of signaling weighty symbolism.)

    Throwing a wrench into the festive atmosphere is Johnny Cousins (Patrick McGoohan, who went on to star as “Secret Agent” and “The Prisoner”), a drummer and bandleader who wants Delia to come out of retirement and thinks breaking up her marriage will make that happen. It’s all very “Othello”-like as Rex is black and Delia is white.

    The film is entirely set inside Rod’s sprawling loft, which makes the machinations by Johnny to split the happy couple even more strained. It’s somewhat amazing that 60 years later, a film about an interracial couple would still be unusual.

     But it’s the jazz that makes this film worth the time, as veteran director Basil Dearden (“Victim,” “Khartoum”) gives the musicians plenty of screen time. Along with stars Brubeck and Mingus, the players include some well-known Brits, trumpeter Bert Courtley, saxophonist Tubby Hayes and, serving as the movie’s musical director, flutist Johnny Scott, who went on to a long career as a film composer and famously played flute on the Beatles’ “You’ve Got to Hide Your Love Away.”

UNDERWORLD (1927)

     Few directors of early American cinema are more fascinating than Josef von Sternberg.

     Though his name is often associated with the influx of Europeans who immigrated to Hollywood in the 1920s and ‘30s (Lubitsch, Lang, Murnau, Curtiz, Wilder), he was plain Jonas Sternberg, age 8, when his family moved to New York from Vienna. He moved back a few years later, but by age 14 he was in America for good.

     He entered the industry as a teenager working for a film stock restorer, which led to a variety of behind-the-scenes jobs throughout his 20s (interrupted by service in World War I during which he photographed training exercises).

     In 1924, now pretentiously renamed Josef von—inspired, no doubt, by already established filmmaker Erich von Stroheim—he directed his first film, a low-budget psychological study of two young drifters and an orphan child, “The Salvation Hunters.” A parable that critics hailed as a visual masterpiece, it drew little attention and closed quickly.

       Mary Pickford, then one of the biggest stars in Hollywood, chose von Sternberg to direct her next film, based on the reputation built by this debut. That never happened and a few other projects collapsed in part because of von Sternberg’s high hopes for what could be achieved through the cinema.

    “A Woman of the Sea,” made for producer Charlie Chapin—a comeback film for Edna Purviance, the female lead in most of Chapin’s short films—was never released and destroyed. Despite von Sternberg’s dismal rate of success as a filmmaker, he was regularly cited as among Hollywood’s finest directors. His next project finally delivered on his promise.

    The first credited screenplay of Chicago newsman Ben Hecht, “Underworld,” based on a pair of real-life rival mobsters, focuses on a love triangle between Bull Weed (George Bancroft), a brazen, egotistical gangster, his moll Feathers (Evelyn Brent) and Bull’s protege Rolls Royce (Clive Brook).

    What’s most impressive about this silent is the economical, ahead-of-its-time construction—no scene lasts longer than needed with von Sternberg completely trusting his audience to understand action without showing every detail. He provides little transition between scenes and often reduces what could be long sequences to a couple of perfectly chosen shots.

      In about four shots, he depicts a jewelry store robbery by Bull Weed. Later, when Bull kills Buck Mulligan (Fred Kohler), the rival criminal, von Sternberg cuts from Bull laughing at the dead man to him sitting in the court docket about to be sentenced to hang.

       The acting is superb throughout, with little of the melodramatics one expected (and often excuses) in silents. Clive, who most famously was the star of the 1932-33 best picture winner “Cavalcade,” was never better than as this recovering alcoholic who becomes a “gentleman” criminal after Bull pulls him off the street.

     Not surprisingly, von Sternberg and Hecht fought over the ending, with the director creating a finale that emphasizes the humanity of Bull. The film serves as a model for the slew of gangster pictures in the early 1930s.

    Paramount didn’t give “Underworld” much of a chance at the box office, but it drew record crowds, forcing one New York theater to stay open all night to accommodate the audience.

    Von Sternberg made two more memorable silents, “The Last Command,” with Emil Jannings and William Powell and “The Docks of New York” with Bancroft, before his career changed forever when he accepted an invitation to direct a German film.

     “The Blue Angel,” about a respected teacher (Jannings) who is ruined by his dalliance with a nightclub performer, not only became an international hit (it was simultaneously filmed in English), but the director decision to cast an unknown German actress, Marlene Dietrich, as the alluring Lola Lola forever linked their future.

   Dietrich was brought to Hollywood, where she insisted that von Sternberg direct her films. Their partnership lasted six more films, all of which pushed the boundaries of sexuality in American films and are among the most visually audacious pictures made in the sound era.

     Von Sternberg’s post-Dietrich career was less interesting as he became more of a traditional director for hire than a true iconoclast. In 1965, he wrote his autobiography, “Fun in a Chinese Laundry,” which offers an unusually critical assessment of Hollywood and the idea of the cinema as art. He is especially tough on film acting, explaining that, at least in the silent era, most performers were clueless as to what the film was even about.

   But mostly the book serves as a counter argument to claims that he was a superficial filmmaker who treated everyone with distain. But as he defends himself, he never stops explaining that the director (especially on his films) is the only person doing anything important on a movie set.

     In the foreword to the book, Gary Cooper, who starred in von Sternberg’s “Morocco,” writes that he “looked on us all as puppets, with himself pulling the strings.”

     “[William] Powell told me that von Sternberg was arrogant, callous and quite unable to motivate an actor, let alone respect him,” Cooper continues.       

     The director’s reputation, since his death in 1969, has improved steadily, with his work with Dietrich viewed as among the most accomplished pictures of the 1930s. But the lavish camerawork and flashy direction of his later works never matched his silent films, led by the compelling “Underworld.”